![]() ![]() ![]() 1 The Caracas doping scandal did not result in a government-led hearing – as Johnson's positive test did in Canada with the creation of the Dubin Commission 2 – but, even so, the widespread use of performance enhancing drugs revealed in Caracas had profound and far-reaching effects that have, until now, been largely overlooked by historians. Five years earlier, at the Pan-American Games in Caracas, Venezuela, a total of 19 athletes were found positive for using banned substances, 12 male American track and field athletes withdrew and flew back to the United States rather than be tested, and a number of other athletes apparently either claimed injuries or performed below expectations in order to avoid providing urine samples. ![]() However, it was not the only significant drug scandal in that decade to effect sports policy and mold public opinion. And health education, The university of Texas at austin, austin, TX, usa Gold medalist Ben Johnson's positive drug test at the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, Korea, is undoubtedly the most well-known doping event of the 1980s. ![]()
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